Forms of Paracetamol

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a versatile medication available in many different formulations (forms) to suit various age groups, preferences, and circumstances, such as difficulty swallowing or inability to take oral medication.

Tablets, Capsules, Caplets

• Description: These are the most common solid forms for oral use. Tablets are compressed powder, capsules contain powder or granules within a shell, and caplets are tablet-shaped but often coated for easier swallowing.
• Dosage: Typically available in standard strengths, most commonly 500mg per tablet/capsule/caplet for adults. Lower strengths may be available for older children.
• Use: Suitable for adults and older children who can swallow them whole. Some tablets may be scored to allow breaking for a smaller dose if needed (check packaging).
• Considerations: Can be difficult for young children or individuals with swallowing problems.

Liquid Suspensions / Syrups

• Description: Paracetamol is suspended or dissolved in a liquid, often flavoured for palatability.
• Dosage: CRITICAL: Liquid formulations come in various concentrations (e.g., 120mg/5ml, 250mg/5ml). Always check the concentration clearly stated on the bottle and packaging. Dosage is measured in millilitres (ml) based on the child's weight or age, corresponding to the required milligram (mg) dose.
• Use: Ideal for infants, young children, and anyone (including adults) who has difficulty swallowing solid forms.
• Measurement: Only use the oral syringe or measuring spoon specifically provided with that medicine bottle. Household spoons are not accurate and can lead to incorrect dosing.

Suppositories

• Description: Solid, bullet-shaped medication designed to be inserted into the rectum (back passage). The medication melts at body temperature and is absorbed into the bloodstream.
• Dosage: Available in various strengths suitable for different age groups (infants, children, adults).
• Use: Useful when oral medication is not feasible, such as when a person is vomiting repeatedly, is unable to swallow, or before/after certain types of surgery.
• Administration: Follow insertion instructions carefully.

Effervescent / Soluble Tablets

• Description: These tablets are designed to be dissolved in a glass of water before drinking the solution.
• Dosage: Typically contain standard adult doses (e.g., 500mg).
• Use: An alternative for those who prefer not to swallow solid tablets. May offer slightly faster absorption for some individuals.
• Considerations: Often contain a significant amount of sodium (salt). People on a low-sodium diet (e.g., due to high blood pressure or heart conditions) should use these with caution or avoid them – check the packaging or consult a pharmacist.

Intravenous (IV) Paracetamol

• Description: A sterile solution administered directly into a vein via an infusion (drip).
• Use: Used exclusively in hospital or clinical settings by healthcare professionals when rapid effect is needed or oral/rectal routes are inappropriate (e.g., during or after surgery).

Choosing the Right Form

The best form depends on:

• Age: Liquids and suppositories are common for infants and young children.
• Ability to Swallow: Liquids, soluble tablets, or suppositories are alternatives if swallowing solids is difficult.
• Circumstances: Suppositories are useful during vomiting.
• Required Dose: Ensure the chosen form allows for accurate administration of the recommended dose.

Always read the product label carefully to ensure you are using the correct form and strength for the individual, especially when administering medication to children. If you are unsure which form is most suitable, ask your pharmacist for advice.